His experiences while aboard the battleship USS California during the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.

His experiences with the 11th Field Artillery, 24th Infantry Division, at Schofield Barracks during the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.

Optometrist. His experiences while aboard the seaplane tender USS Tangier during the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.