Draftsman. His experiences as a prisoner-of-war of the Japanese during World War II; fall of Wake island and capture; hell ship to China, 1942; Wusong Prison Camp, Shanghai, 1942; Kiangwang Prison Camp, 1942-45; Pusan, Korea, 1945; Hakodate, Hokkaido, 1945; liberation.

His experiences while employed by the Civilian Conservation Corps during the Great Depression.